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RF2860
0
Typical Applications * CDMA Korean PCS Systems * CDMA US PCS Systems * IMT-2000 and 2.4GHz Band Applications Product Description
-A-
PCS CDMA LOW NOISE AMPLIFIER/MIXER BROADBAND DOWNCONVERTER
* GPS Applications * General Purpose Downconverter * Commercial and Consumer Systems
0.10 C A
0.05 C
3.00
2 PLCS
The RF2860 is a broadband receiver front-end designed for CDMA PCS applications. The broadband design makes it a great solution as well for GPS, IMT-2000 and 2.4GHz applications. It is designed to amplify and downconvert RF signals, while providing 21.5dB of stepped gain control range. Features include digital control of LNA gain, TX buffer/enable, and power down mode. Another feature of the chip is the ability to set the bias point and RF performance of the LNA and mixer through the ISET1 and ISET2 resistors respectively. Noise figure, IIP3, and gain are designed to exceed the IS-98 interim standard requirement for CDMA PCS communications. The IC is manufactured on an advanced Silicon Germanium Bi-CMOS process and is in a 3mmx3mm, 16-pin, leadless chip carrier. Optimum Technology Matching(R) Applied
Si BJT Si Bi-CMOS InGaP/HBT GaAs HBT SiGe HBT GaN HEMT GaAs MESFET Si CMOS SiGe Bi-CMOS
1.50 TYP
2 PLCS
0.90 0.85 0.70 0.65
0.10 C B
0.05 0.00
3.00 12 MAX
2 PLCS
0.10 C B
-B-
1.37 TYP
2 PLCS
-CDimensions in mm.
SEATING PLANE
2.75 SQ 0.60 0.24 TYP
0.10 C A 0.10 M C A B
0.30 0.18
2
NOTES: 1. Shaded lead is pin 1. 2 Dimension applies to plated terminal: to be measured between 0.20 mm and 0.25 mm from terminal end.
PIN 1 ID R.20
1.65 SQ. 1.35 0.50 0.30
0.50
Package Style: QFN, 16-Pin, 3x3
Features * LNA Noise Figure=1.3dB (KPCS) * Stepped LNA Gain Control
TX BUFF ENAB
ENABLE
LO OUT
VCC
* Integrated TX LO Buffer Amplifier * Adjustable IIP3 versus Current for both
12 LO IN 11 GND 10 IF OUT9 IF OUT+
16 LNA GAIN 1 LNA IN 2 GND 3 LNA OUT 4 5 ISET2
15
14
13
LNA and Mixer Blocks * All Pins ESD Protected
Ordering Information
RF2860 RF2860 PCBA PCS CDMA Low Noise Amplifier/Mixer Broadband Downconverter Fully Assembled Evaluation Board Tel (336) 664 1233 Fax (336) 664 0454 http://www.rfmd.com
6 ISET1
7 MIX IN
8 RF VCC
Functional Block Diagram
RF Micro Devices, Inc. 7628 Thorndike Road Greensboro, NC 27409, USA
Rev A7 031105
8-383
RF2860
Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter
Supply Voltage Input LO and RF Levels Operating Ambient Temperature Storage Temperature
Rating
-0.5 to +5.0 +6 -40 to +85 -40 to +150
Unit
VDC dBm C C
Caution! ESD sensitive device.
RF Micro Devices believes the furnished information is correct and accurate at the time of this printing. However, RF Micro Devices reserves the right to make changes to its products without notice. RF Micro Devices does not assume responsibility for the use of the described product(s).
Parameter
Overall
RF Frequency Range IF Frequency Range
Specification Min. Typ. Max.
1575 to 2170 0.1 2.65 1.8 2.75 400 3.15 0.4 10
Unit
MHz MHz V V V A
Condition
T = 25C, VCC =2.75V
Power Supply
Supply Voltage Logic High Logic Low Power Down Current
US PCS Band Korean PCS Band GPS Band IMT-2000 Band LNA (On) - KPCS
Gain Noise Figure Input IP3 Current Isolation 14.0 +6.0 16.5 1.3 +8.0 6.5 20 16.0 1.4 +8.0 6.5 30 17.25 1.2 +5.0 6.0 20 14.5 1.4 +8.0 6.0 20 17.5 1.5 dB dB dBm mA dB
ENABLE=0 Freq=1930MHz to 1990MHz Freq=1840MHz to 1870MHz Freq=1575.42MHz Freq=2110MHz to 2170MHz LNA 50 match
LNA (On) - US PCS
Gain Noise Figure Input IP3 Current Isolation 13.5 +6.0 17.0 1.6 dB dB dBm mA dB
LNA 50 match
LNA (On) - GPS Band
Gain Noise Figure Input IP3 Current Isolation 14.75 18.25 dB dB dBm mA dB
LNA 50 match
LNA (On) - IMT-2000 Band
Gain Noise Figure Input IP3 Current Isolation 12.0 15.5 dB dB dBm mA dB
LNA 50 match
LNA (Off) - US PCS, KPCS, GPS, IMT-2000
Gain Noise Figure Input IP3 Current Isolation -6.5 +20.0 -5.0 5.0 +25.0 0 4 -3.5 6.0 dB dB dBm mA dB
8-384
Rev A7 031105
RF2860
Parameter
US PCS Band, Korean PCS Band, GPS Band, IMT-2000 Band, cont'd Mixer - KPCS/US PCS
Gain Noise Figure Input IP3 Current LO to RF Isolation 12.0 +1.0 36 16.5 18.5 7.5 -2.0 16.0 20.0 14.0 7.0 +3.0 17.5 15.5 8.0 dB dB dBm mA dB dB dB dBm mA dB dB dB dBm mA dB dB dB dB dB 1 pF LNA GAIN, ENABLE, TX BUFF ENAB
Specification Min. Typ. Max.
Unit
Condition
See note.
Mixer - GPS
Gain Noise Figure Input IP3 Current LO to RF Isolation
36 11.5 13.5 8.5 0.0 16.0 15.0
Mixer - IMT-2000
Gain Noise Figure Input IP3 Current LO to RF Isolation
36 36 40 30 35
Other
LO-IF Isolation RF-IF Isolation LNA Out to Mixer In Isolation LO-LNA In Isolation, Any State
40
Control Lines
Input Capacitance
Local Oscillator Input
KPCS, US PCS, GPS, IMT-2000 Input Power Input Frequency -10 1391 -4 0 2360 dBm MHz
IF=183.6MHz/210.38MHz/220.38MHz
TX (Local Oscillator) Buffer
PCS Output Power -11 -7 Output Frequency 1600 2300 Current Consumption 2 NOTE: Mixer performance can be changed with external IF load/tuning. dBm MHz mA Single-ended 50 load
Rev A7 031105
8-385
RF2860
LNA Performance versus Current (As a function of ISET1 Resistance)
Gain (dB) 15.6 15.7 15.9 16.1 16.2 16.4 16.4 Gain (dB) 14.2 14.2 14.1 14.0 13.8 13.8 13.5 IIP3 (dBm) 7.3 9.7 16.8 12.3 10.6 9.6 9.4 IIP3 (dBm) 4.0 3.7 3.5 2.9 2.6 2.4 1.8 Noise Figure (dB) 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 Noise Figure (dB) 6.7 6.6 6.5 6.4 6.4 6.3 6.3 ISET1 Resistance (k) 36 33 30 27 24 22 20 ISET2 Resistance (k) 6.8 7.5 8.3 9.1 10.0 11.0 12.0 LNA GAIN TX BUFF ENAB IDC (mA) Current (mA) 4.6 4.9 5.4 6.1 6.7 7.3 7.9 Current (mA) 25.6 24.6 23.9 22.8 22.2 21.8 20.7
Mixer Performance versus Current (As a function of ISET2 Resistance)
Evaluation Board Current Measurement
ENABLE US PCS Band Korean PCS Band LNA On, TX Buffer Off 1 1 0 LNA Bypassed, TX Buffer Off 1 0 0 GPS Band LNA On, TX Buffer Off 1 1 0 LNA Bypassed, TX Buffer Off 1 0 0 IMT-2000 Band LNA On, TX Buffer Off 1 1 0 LNA Bypassed, TX Buffer Off 1 0 0 NOTES: All IDC current numbers include bias circuitry current of 1.5mA to 2.0mA (dependent on mode). TX Buffer On: Add 2mA to total current.
27.5 21.0 24.5 18.5 24.5 18.5
Cascaded Performance (Typical Values for VCC =2.75V) NOTE: All total current numbers include bias circuitry current of 1.5mA to 2.0mA (dependent on mode).
Parameter Cascaded: Gain (dB) Noise Figure (dB) Input IP3 (dBm) KPCS CDMA LNA ON LNA OFF 28.0 1.8 -11.0 6.5 14.5 +10.0 PCS CDMA LNA ON LNA OFF 27.5 2.0 -11.0 6.5 14.5 +10.0 40 40 40 40 21.0 LNA ON 33.25 1.7 -17.0 40 40 40 40 24.5 GPS LNA OFF 11.0 15.0 5.3 40 40 40 40 18.5 IMT-2000 LNA ON LNA OFF 25.5 2.5 -12.0 40 40 40 40 24.5 6.0 16.0 +7.2 40 40 40 40 18.5
LO to IF Isolation (dB) 40 40 40 IF1 to RF Isolation (dB) 40 40 40 IF2 to RF Isolation (dB) 40 40 40 LO to LNA IN Isolation (dB) 40 40 40 Total Current (mA) 27.5 21.0 27.5 NOTE: Assumes 2.5dB image filter insertion loss. The TX Buffer is off.
8-386
Rev A7 031105
RF2860
Pin 1 Function LNA GAIN Type Description DI Logic input. High activates LNA. Low selects LNA bypass
mode.
Interface Schematic
LNA GAIN
2
LNA IN
AI
US PCS LNA input. KPCS LNA input. GPS LNA input. IMT-2000 LNA input.
VCC LNA OUT LNA IN
LNA EMITTER
3 4 5 6 7
GND LNA OUT ISET2 ISET1 MIX IN
P AO AI AI AI
Ground via within 0.2mm of pin required. PCS LNA output. Simple external L-C components required for matching and VCC supply. External resistor required to set the mixer operating current. External resistor required to set the LNA operating current. KPCS mixer RF single-end input. Matched to 50. USPCS mixer RF single-end input. Matched to 50. GPS mixer RF single-end input. Matched to 50. IMT-2000 mixer RF single-end input. Matched to 50 . External capacitor and inductor placed close to package required. IF output. Open collector.
MIX IN
8 9
RF VCC IF OUT+
P AO
IF+
IF-
10 11 12
IF OUTGND LO IN
AO P AI
IF output. Open collector. Ground. LO single-end input. Matched to 50 .
See pin 9.
LO IN 70
13 14 15
VCC LO OUT TX BUFF ENAB ENABLE
P AO DI
External bypass capacitor may be required. LO output. Internal DC block. Drives 50. Logic input. High enables TX LO output buffer amplifiers.
TX BUFF ENAB
16
DI
Logic input. Low level powers down the IC.
ENABLE
Pkg Base
Legend:
GND
P
Ground connection. The backside of the package should be soldered to a top side ground pad which is connected to the ground plane with multiple vias.
DI=Digital Input from Baseband Chip AI=Analog Input AO=Analog Output P=VCC or GND
Rev A7 031105
8-387
RF2860
Application Schematic Differential IF Matching
LO OUT TX BUFF ENAB ENABLE LNA GAIN VCC
2.2 nH 33 nF
16
Note 4 Note 6
15
14
13 12 VCC 11 10 9 33 nF L2 C1 L4 C2 R1 C3 L1
5 4 9 10
1 2
LO IN
Note 12
L7 LNA IN 1 pF
Note 3
33 nF DNI
Note 5 Note 7 Note 11
3 L5 4
33 nF VCC 30
Note 8
L6
Note 9
5
Note 2
6
7
8
IF OUT C4
Note 13
2 to 10
Note 14
IN
R2
R3
L3 33 nF
FL2 IF Saw
5
6 GND 3
GND
GND OUT GND
4 1
Note 1
VCC 3 pF 3.9 nH RF VCC
Note 10
FL4 RF Saw
2
1.3 pF
Application US PCS, IF=184MHz Korean PCS, IF=220MHz GPS, IF=184MHz IMT-2000, IF=190MHz
C1 (pf) 6.2 5.1 3.9 4.7
C2 (pf) 2.5 3.0 1.5 1.0
C3 (pF) 6.2 5.1 3.9 4.7
C4 (pF) TBD TBD TBD TBD
L1 (nH) 33 33 33 33
L2 (nH) 72 50 110 50
L3 (nH) 72 50 110 50
L4 (nH) TBD TBD TBD TBD
L5 (nH) 15 15 18 10
L6 (nH) 2.7 3.3 4.7 2.7
L7 (nH) 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.5
R1 (k) 9.1 7.5 DNI DNI
R2 (k) 8.2 8.2 13.0 13.0
R3 (k) 27.0 27.0 27.0 27.0
NOTES: 1. This resistor sets the LNA current. Increasing the resistor value lowers the current. 2. This resistor sets the mixer current. Increasing the resistor value lowers the current. 3. This capacitor is used for optimum noise figure and input matching. 4. This inductor is used for optimum input match. 5. This inductor is used for optimum input match and IP3. Low impedance path to ground for optimum IP3. 6. DC-blocking capacitor. Not required with most SAW filters. 7. This inductor is used for LNA output match and as an RF choke. 8. This resistor is used to optimize performance over temperature and bias. 9. This inductor is used to optimize the LNA output match. 10. This inductor/capacitor parallel combination is used for mixer/preamp interstage matching and must be placed ~1.6mm or closer to pin 8. 11. Ground for LNA. Place ground via as close to pin as possible for maximum gain. 12. IF output matching component values are dependent on board layout, IF SAW filter, and the IF frequency selected. Please contact RFMD application engineering for assistance with IF output matching. See attached Single-Ended and Differential Tuning procedure. 13. These two values are contingent on type of IF SAW filter used. 14. Depending on SAW Filter used, resistor value will be between 2 to 10. 8-388 Rev A7 031105
RF2860
Application Schematic Single-End IF Matching
LO OUT TX BUFF ENAB ENABLE LNA GAIN 2.2 nH 33 nF
Note 5
VCC
16 1 33 nF 2
15
14
13 12 11 10 9 VCC 33 nF C2 R1 L1 L2
Note 12
DNI LNA IN L7 1 pF
Note 3 Note 4 Note 6 Note 11
LO IN
CDMA IF Saw
5 4 9 10
VCC
Note 8
3 4
CDMA IFCDMA IF+
30 33 nF
Note 7
5
6
7
8
C3
15 nH L6
Note 9 Note 14 Note 2 Note 1
R2
R3
3.9 nH
1.3 pF
Note 10
2 to 10
OUT
RF VCC
3 GND
GND IN
RF Saw
4
1 GND
GND
2
6
3 pF
Application US PCS, IF=184MHz Korean PCS, IF=220MHz GPS, IF=184MHz IMT-2000, IF=190MHz
5
C2 (pF) 10.0 12.0 6.0 4.0
C3 (pF) 6.2 5.1 3.9 4.7
L1 (nH) 150 100 220 100
L2 (nH) 270 180 270 180
L7 (nH) 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.5
L6 (nH) 2.7 3.3 4.7 2.7
R1 (k) 9.1 7.5 DNI DNI
R2 (k) 8.2 8.2 13.0 130
R3 (k) 27.0 27.0 27.0 27.0
NOTES: 1. This resistor sets the LNA current. Increasing the resistor value lowers the current. 2. This resistor sets the mixer current. Increasing the resistor value lowers the current. 3. This capacitor is used for optimum noise figure and input matching. 4. This inductor is used for optimum input match. 5. This inductor is used for optimum input match and IP3. Low impedance path to ground for optimum IP3. 6. DC-blocking capacitor. Not required with most SAW filters. 7. This inductor is used for LNA output match and as an RF choke. 8. This resistor is used to optimize performance over temperature and bias. 9. This inductor is used to optimize the LNA output match. 10. This inductor/capacitor parallel combination is used for mixer/preamp interstage matching and must be placed ~1.6mm or closer to pin 8. 11. Ground for LNA. Place ground via as close to pin as possible for maximum gain. 12. IF output matching component values are dependent on board layout, IF SAW filter, and the IF frequency selected. Please contact RFMD application engineering for assistance with IF output matching. See attached Single-Ended and Differential Tuning procedure. 13. These two values are contingent on type of IF SAW filter used. 14. Depending on SAW Filter used, resistor value will be between 2 to 10.
Rev A7 031105
8-389
RF2860
Evaluation Board Schematic KPCS, IF=220.38MHz
(Download Bill of Materials from www.rfmd.com.)
TX BUF EN J3 LO OUT TX BUF EN LNA GAIN C1 33 nF C12 DNI ENABLE C5 33 nF C10 DNI VCC GND L11 2.2 nH P1 VCC P1-3 C13 10 pF C4 33 nF LNA GAIN 1 2 L7 1.5 nH C17 33 nF 3 4 C2 33 nF L6 3.3 nH L5 15 nH R3 8.2 k R5 27 k L9 33 nH
1
C20 + 1 uF GND
CON3 P2
ENABLE CON4 J2 LO IN J1 CDMA IF 1
3
2
1
4
3 DNI
P2-4 3 2 1
P2-2 P2-1
P3*
L4 DNI C14 1 pF J4 LNA IN L3* DNI C11 DNI
16
15
14
13 12 11 10 9 C15 6.2 pF VCC R1 5.6 k C16 6.2 pF L1 100 nH L2 180 nH C3 5.1 pF C6 33 nF
J5 LNA OUT
5
6
7
8
C18* DNI
C7 33 nF VCC
R2 30
FL1 FILTER SAWTEK 2X2
3
GND
GND
L8 DNI C22 3 pF C21* DNI
L10 3.9 nH
C23 1.3 pF C8 33 nF
C19* DNI
VCC
C9 33 nF J6 MIX IN
*IF FREQ=220MHz
8-390
4
Rev A7 031105
2
RF2860
Differential IF Matching
C1 IF Saw VCC IF+ IF10 9 4 5
IF+
L2
R1
C2
IF-
L2 100 pF C3 L3
L2, L3 and C2 are chosen to resonate at the desired IF frequency. C2 can be omitted and the value of L1 increased and utilized solely as a choke to provide VCC to the open-collector outputs, but it is strongly recommended that at least some small-valued C2 (a few pF) be retained for better mixer linearity performance. R1 is normally selected to match the input impedance of the IF filter. However, mixer performance can be modified by selecting an R value that is different from the IF filter input impedance, and inserting a conjugate matching network between the Resistive Output Network and the IF filter. C1 and C3 serve dual purposes. C1 and C3 serve as a series DC block when a DC path to ground is present in the IF filter. In addition, C1 may be chosen to improve the combine performance of the mixer and IF filter. L1 should choose to resonate with the internal capacitance of the SAW filter. Usually, SAW filter has some capacitance. Otherwise, L1 could be eliminated. A practical approach to obtain the differential matching is to tune the mixer to the correct load point for gain, IIP3, and NF using the single-end current combiner method. Second, use the component values found in the single-end approach as starting point for the differential matching. The two-shunt capacitors in the single-end matching could be converted to a parallel capacitor and the parallel inductor in the single-end matching needs to be converted in to a choke inductor. Third, set the DC block capacitors (C1 and C3) in the differential-end matching to a high value (i.e., 100pF) and retune the resonate circuit (C2, L2 and L3) and the resistor (R) for optimal performance. After optimal performance is achieved and if performance is not satisfactory, decrease the series capacitors until optimal performance is achieved.
Rev A7 031105
8-391
RF2860
Single-End IF Matching
C3 IF+ IF10 9 4 5
C1
IF+
VCC IF Saw 100 pF
L2
L1
R
C2
IF-
C1
L1, C1, C2, and R form a current combiner which performs a differential to single-ended conversion at the IF frequency and sets the output impedance. In most cases, the resonance frequency is independent of R and can be set according to the following equation:
1 f IF = ----------------------------------------------------------L1 2 ----- ( C 1 + 2C 2 + C EQ ) 2
Where CEQ is the equivalent stray capacitance and capacitance looking into pins 9 and 10. An average value to use for CEQ is 2.5pF. R can then be used to set the output impedance according to the following equation:
1 -1 1 R = -------------------- - ----- 4 R OUT R P
where ROUT is the desired output impedance and RP is the parasitic equivalent parallel resistance of L1. C2 should first be set to 0 and C1 should be chosen as high as possible (not greater than 39pF), while maintaining an RP of L1 that allows for the desired ROUT. If the self-resonant frequencies of the selected C1 produce unsatisfactory linearity performance, their values may be reduced and compensated for by including C2 capacitor with a value chosen to maintain the desired FIF frequency. L2 and C3 serve dual purposes. L2 serves as an output bias choke, and C3 serves as a series DC block. In addition, L2 and C3 may be chosen to form an impedance matching network if the input impedance of the IF filter is not equal to ROUT. Otherwise, L2 is chosen to be large (suggested 120nH) and C3 is chosen to be large (suggested 22nF) if a DC path to ground is present in the IF filter, or omitted if the filter is DC-blocked.
8-392
Rev A7 031105
RF2860
RF2860 Layout Requirements
NOTES: 1. This component is not required on the evaluation board. It may be required on the phone board for optimum IIP3. Component placeholder should be on phone board. 2. Ground for LNA emitter. For maximum gain, place ground via as close to pin 3 as possible. 3. This capacitor is required as part of the mixer input match. 4. This inductor/capacitor parallel combination is used for mixer/preamplifier interstage tuning. It must be placed ~1.6mm or closer to pin 8.
Rev A7 031105
8-393
RF2860
PCB Design Requirements
PCB Surface Finish The PCB surface finish used for RFMD's qualification process is electroless nickel, immersion gold. Typical thickness is 3inch to 8inch gold over 180inch nickel. PCB Land Pattern Recommendation PCB land patterns are based on IPC-SM-782 standards when possible. The pad pattern shown has been developed and tested for optimized assembly at RFMD; however, it may require some modifications to address company specific assembly processes. The PCB land pattern has been developed to accommodate lead and package tolerances. PCB Metal Land Pattern
A = 0.64 x 0.28 (mm) Typ. B = 0.28 x 0.64 (mm) Typ. C = 1.50 (mm) Sq.
Dimensions in mm.
1.50 Typ. 0.50 Typ.
Pin 16
B
Pin 1
B
B
B
Pin 12
A 0.50 Typ. A C A A 0.55 Typ. B B B B
A A A A 0.75 Typ. 1.50 Typ.
Pin 8
0.55 Typ. 0.75 Typ.
Figure 1. PCB Metal Land Pattern (Top View)
8-394
Rev A7 031105

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